Fluid-displacing apparatus



March 27, 1928. Y 1,664,249

n i A. CQDURDIN, JR

FLUID DISPLACING APPARATUS Filed 15, 1927 Patented Mar. 27, 19281.

yr uNirsn srarss l netart-e AUGUSTUS o. DURDI'N, JR., or'oHIcAGo, ILLINOIS.

rLUIDLnIsrLAoING APPARATUS.

Application led 1111142116, 1927. Serial No. 199,151.

A This invention rl'elatesto fluid displacingA apparatus 'adapted `for creating vacuum or' producing pressure, and more particularly to that type which employs a. rotatingvimpeller or rotor'in conjunction with a body of water or other liquid for Vcreating the vacuum or producing the pressure. One of the `objects of the present' invention is to minimize the ycentrifugal force exerted upon the liquid and at the same time tol increase the efficiency of the apparatus. Another object is to reduc'ethe' amount of horse power required to drive fluid displacing apparatus of given size andat thels'ame time obtain a greater` vacuum or higher pressure r,than usual; l f lVith these and other objects and advantages in view, this invention consists in a fluid displacing apparatus containing an impeller or rotor having one or more blades,

each of which extends spirally or along an involute curve from a place spacedv away from the axis of the'impeller or rotor to the periphery thereof, andeach blade`having a curved inner face which is concentric, at its forward end, with the axis of the impeller or rotor, andy terminates abruptly, is curved back sharply, to leave 'a deeply recessed portion and continues along a line parallel with the outerface of the blade to its discharge end at the periphery of the impeller. vention further consists in a fluid displacing apparatus, having a casing containing separate and alternately arranged liquid and Vfluid outlets, disposed around the axis of.

rotation, and an impeller having one or more blades extending from said liquid and Huid A outlets to the periphery of the impeller in a spiral or involute curve', the inner face or 4 faces of said blades having yfoiwvardyporrThe intions that are concentric with theY axis of rotation, from which concentric faces extend spiral/or involute curve faces, which' formi' the fluid inlet passage 7 as is clearly shown a iuiddisplacing apparatus containing the invention, taken on'the line 1 1 'ofaFig 2,v and Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section thereof taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l.

.'.Referring-to said drawing, which illusv60 trates a simple embodiment of the present. invention, thereference character 5 desig-v nates a casing which may be of any suitable form having liquid inlet passage 6 and fiuid inlet passage? Journaled in suitable bearing-brackets is a-drive shaft 9, which may be driven from any suitable source of power'and at a relatively Vhigh speed. Said shaft passes-through the casing 5 from side to side.

Arranged within the casing and mounted upon the drive shaft 9 isanimpeller or rotor 10, which as shown contains a side wall 11 whereby the rotor` is mounted upon the shaft, and at theedge of saidA side wall 11. the rotor has a cylindrical wall 12. Theimpeller or rotor is formed rwith one or more blades 13,- two .being shown in the drawing, andsaid'blades are arrangedspirally or along involute curves, around the axis of rotation of the impeller and extend substantially parallel with each other throughout themajor portion of their extent. Atthe sides of said blades V13 are radially extend# ing walls 14,.which together with certain parts ofthefblades, form passage ways or channels (a) through the impeller that are of spiral 'or involute curvev formation land lead'fromthe interior of the impeller to its periphery. Y f I The casingk is formed with a large cham-` ber. 15 in whichis contained a member 16 that is bolted or otherwise secured to one sidewall of theycasing. "Said memberl is I formed with one or more fluid passage ways "17, which may be diametrically opposite each other, rwhen two are employed (see-Fig. 2), and saidl passage ways lead fromv an annular fluid passageway 18, that communicates with in' Fig. 1.r `The member 16k is formed with arcuate or cylindrical walls 19, which fit against thel inner face of the annular' or cylindrical wall 12 of the impeller, and in said arcuate or cylindrical walls 19, are formed fluid outlet openings 2O which are arrangedv to be covered and'uncovered by the concentric portions of the impeller blades .13 as they travel across said fluid outlet openings.

At the forward ends of said impellerbladesy 11o 13, their' innerfaces21 are inadeconcentric with the axisof rotation of the'impeller and said concentric portions are madel long enough or of suicient angular extent to completely cover the fluid outlet openings 20 during the passage of said concentric portions of the impeller blades over said openlngfs.v e i Therfluid passage ways 17 are 4formed in hollow parts 22 ofthe member y16 which project from the main body portion of the member 16' andvextend approximately parallel with the shaft 9, and between said hollow parts 221is a space 23 whichis contained within the annular wall 12 of the impeller. Said space is closed at one side by the side Wall 11y of the impeller and forms a chamber through' which the Water or other liquid flows from the liquid inlet passage 6 of the impeller. between the hollow parts 22 (that contain the' fluid passages 17 may be regarded as the water or yliquid outlets from the casing yto the impeller, and said liquid outletsare diametrically opposed cach other and are interposed between the' fluidoutlets 20. The fluid outlets yand liquid outlets are thus arrangedalternately asis clearly seen in Fig. 2.

As'has already been explained, the inner faces of the forward ends of ther impeller blades 13 are concentric with the axis of rotation' ofthe'imp'eller and are arranged to cover and uncover the fluid and liquid out` `lets yduring their travel around the same.

The outer faces 25 of the impeller blades are in the form of spirals or involute curves, ex-

tending from the foremost ends 26 of thel blades' to the discharge ends 27, the dis- 'charge ends lying on the circumference orl periphery of the impeller. While the exact angularext'ent of the concentric inner faces of the impellerblades is not material', I have shown said' concentric portions as extending through an angle of about ninetysfive degrees, the same'being suliicient to cover a fluid' outlet opening 2O while passing there over. At the rear Vend ofreach concentric inner face 21, the inner facerof the blade curves backward sharply forming a deeply recessed space 28, as'seen in Fig.f2, andI from said sharply curved portion the inner face portion 29 continues along a spiral line extending approximately parallel with the outer spiral face 25 of the blade to the dis-v charge end 27. The foremost part of each impeller blade and the rearmost part of its companionblade form the passage ways or v channels (a) and said passage ways or channels extend along spiral or involute curves from the internal side to the external or pe-V ripheral side of the impeller. The gap between thek rear end of the concentric portion of each blade and the foremost end 26 of the companion blade, forms an inlet (c) to said passage (a) and permits the liquid and iiuid The circumferential spaces liqu'idinlet 6. The air or other fluid flowsl through the annular passage 18 and Athrough thefiiuid passages 17 to the fluid outlets 20, and the water or other liquid flows through the liquid inlet 6 andinto the liquid chamber 23. As the vimpeller is-rotated the forwardl end 26 of each impeller blade'passes alter'- na'tely over the fluid outlets 20and liquid outlets, b, and as'the deeply recessed part 28k under an impeller bladeV begins to uncover a liquid outlet c, the liquidflows into said` deeply recessed portion, and as the foremost end 26 of the companion blade reaches the same liquidoutlet, the forward end of said companion blade commences to cover said e liquid outlet, whereby a slug or body of liquidl becomesentrained in the passage (a) between the inner spiral facer of the first mentioned impeller blade and the outer spiral face of its companion blade, during which time the' liquid continues to be moved radially toward the externalY side of the impeller and is finally discharged therefrom as the discharge end of the first mentioned impeller blade begins to uncover the same liquid outlet' Itis to be observed-that from the time that the deeply recessed part 28 of the impeller uncovers the liquidoutlet, 4the liquid commences to flow outward and continues to flow ina vradial direction until it is vdischarged, whereby any centrifugal action of the impeller blades on: the moving` liquid is reduced to a minimum..` As-soon as 'said Vdeeply recessed portion 28of each impeller blade begins to uncover the next adjacent il'ui'd outlet, a par-tial vacuum is created between the impeller blade and the slug of *water which has entered the deeply recessed chamber 23 to thelexter-ior of periphery olfthe impeller 1s continuous, and at no time is the water held in the passage ways' of the impeller in any quiescent or substantially blades,ftlie centrifugal action of the same4 on the liquid is. reducedfto a minimum, al.

though relatively large slugs or bodies of liquid are caught in the passage ways (a), and .a greatervacuum is thereby 'obtained in an apparatus ofgiven size and with Aless horse power than has been heretofore obtained by fluid displacing apparatus employing a rotor or impeller. i

More or less variation of the exact details of construction is possible without departing from the spirit of this invention;

vI desire, therefore, not to limit myself to the exact form of the vconstruction shown and described, but intend, in the following claims, to point out all of the invention disclosed herein.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent: i

1. A fluid displacing apparatus comprising a casing having a liquid inlet passage and a fluid inlet passage therein, both terminating in circumferentially arranged outlets,

said casing having also a liquid and fluid discharge passage, and an impeller rotatively mounted in said casing, said impeller embodying a plurality of blades extending from said liquid and fluidv outlets to the periphery of the impeller along spiral like curves, said blades having parallel portions spaced apart to form spiral like passages therebetween leading from the liquid and fluid outlets to the periphery of the impeller, the forward inner faces of the blades being concentric with the axis of rotation of the impeller and the remainder of the inner faces of the blades, being curved back sharply at the rear ends of said concentric portions to form deep recesses following the concentric portions.

2. A fluid displacing apparatus comprising a casing having a liquid inlet passage and a fluid inlet passage therein, both terminating in circumferentially arranged outlets, said casing having also a liquid and fluid discharge passage, and an impeller rotatively mounted in said casing and surrounding said liquid and fluid outlets. said impeller embodying a plurality of blades extending from said liquid and fluid outlets to the periphery of the impeller along spiral like curves, the forward portion of each blade and rear portion of a companion blade extending in parallel lines and being spaced apart to form spiral like passage ways leading from the liquid and fluid outlets to the periphery of the impeller, the forward inner faces of each impeller being concentric with the axis of rotation of the impeller and the remainder of the inner face of each blade Furthermore, because of thel being set back from said concentrieportion to form a deep recess vfollowing the concentric portion and extending in a spiraldirection to the discharge end of theblade. i 3. A fluid displacing apparatus comprising a -casingliaving a liquid inletpassage and fluid inlet `passage therein,fboth `termi'- nating in circumferentially arranged outlets, said casing havingfalso. a Aliquid and fluid discharge passage,l and. an` impeller rovtatively, mounted in saidY casing' and surrounding said liquid and fluid outlets, said impeller embodying a plurality of blades extending from said liquid and fluid outlets.

to the periphery of the impeller along spiral like curves, `the forward portion of each blade and rear vportion of a companion blade extending in parallel lines and being spaced apart to form spiral like passage ways, leading from the liquid and fluid outletsv tothe periphery of the impeller, the forward inner faces of each blade being concentric with the axis of rotation of the impeller and the remainder of the inner face of each blade being set back from said concentric portion to form a deep recess following the concentric portion, said remainder of the inner face extending vparallel with the outer face o the blade to its discharge end. Y

4c. In a fluid displacing apparatus, an impeller embodying an annular body having a plurality of .blades extending from the inner side of the body to the periphery thereof along spiral like curves, the foremostpart of each blade and rearinost part of its companionV blade being spaced apart to form spiral like passages therebetween, the inner faces of said foremost parts ofthe blades being concentric with the axis of rotation of 'the impeller and the remainder of thel inner side of the body to the periphery thereofV along spiral like curves, the forward part of -one blade and rear part of its companion blades being vparallel and spaced apart to form a spiral like passage therebetween, the inner faces of the blades having concentric portions at their forward ends and the remaining parts of the inner face of each blade being set back to form a recess following the concentric portion, and extending parallel with the outer face of the blade to its'discharge end.

6.- In a fluid displacing apparatus, an impeller embodying an annular body having a blade extending from the inner side of the body to the periphery thereof along a spiral 'like curve, the inner face of the foremost part of the blade being concentric with the axis of rotation of the impeller, and the remainder ofthe inner face ofthe blade, be-

ing -set back from said concentric part to form-a deep recess following said con'cel'ltriol part.

7. In a fluid displacing apparatus, an iinpeller embodying an annular body having a.

plurality of blades extending from the inner side of the body to the periphery thereof along spiral/like curves, the opposing faces of the foremost part of each blade and rear-` 10 most parti of itsv companion blade being most parts of the blades being concentricv With the aXis of rotation of the i'mpeller and the remainder of the inner faces of, both blades being of spiral shape to form recessesv following said concentric parts.y i

AUGUsTUsge. pU-RDIN, JR.Y A 

